Sleep Deprivation in Japan - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 497 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/08/12 Category Health Essay Level High school Tags: Sleep Deprivation Essay Did you like this example? Japan has been known to have a sleep problem within its country. Citizens get less sleep comparatively than any country. Most citizens in Japan get under the 7 hours of recommended sleep each night and some even get less than 6 hours. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Sleep Deprivation in Japan" essay for you Create order Altogether Japan averages a mere 7 hours and 24 minutes of sleep. The Japanese must solve this issue as it affects not only their citizens but the country and countries in trade with Japan. It is a problem that affects us all in the long run when Japan influences trade amongst other countries. The sleep deprivation issue has developed into a crisis because the deprivation is causing major accidents, citizens are developing chronic sleep disorders, and manufacturing rates have decreased. Japans culture impacts how citizens sleep and sleep is an important function that humans need. Today Japan accepts the fact that citizens do not get enough sleep at night. The overall work drains society and Japan has accepted that. In Yasu Shimizus article she states Japanese people think it is very natural to sleep on trains. They would actually be surprised to hear that people elsewhere do not fall asleep in trains. It is not hard to find people sleeping in public. Society is furthermore weakened by the sleep loss. Japanese people themselves often wonder why they become so sleepy in trains as well. There are scientific reasons. It is mainly the white noise, vibrations and subtle shaking of trains that make people sleepy. Some scholars say it is because of 1/f fluctuation. Therefore, it is natural that people become sleepy (Shimizu). The combined haul of the day with daily commands to sleep makes it no wonder the Japanese sleep so much in public. Sleep deprivation can have bad effects on the human body. It can for one thing increase weight gain and increase risk for heart disease. A study published in American Journal of Epidemiology found information suggesting that weight gain and sleep loss are connected. Of the 68,183 women who reported habitual sleep duration in 1986 were followed for 16 years. In analyses adjusted for age and body mass index, women sleeping 5 hours or less gained 1.14 kg (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.49, 1.79) more than did those sleeping 7 hours over 16 years (Patel, et.al 2006). Showing how sleep loss can cause problems besides just feeling sleepy. When low on sleep one feels drowsy, but they may experience problems cognitively as well. A controlled experiment on sleep was conducted by two men known as Patrick and Gilbert in 1869 almost a century in later times at the University of Iowa. Gilbert and Patrick observed three young adults four times a day for a complete 90 hours of sustained awake fullness. The two observed declines in cognitive function ranging from sensory acuity to memorization. This astoundingly insightful 19th century report contains five crucial observations that have withstood the test of time and replication, but that have not always been recognized (Monk 100). It is clear that with less sleep the human body has exponential problems coping throughout the day.

Company Analysis Value Chain Analysis Essay - 1291 Words

Value chain represents the internal activities a firm engages in when transforming inputs into outputs. Value chain analysis is a process where a firm identifies its primary and support activities that add value to its final product and then analyze these activities to reduce costs or increase differentiation. Value chain analysis is also a strategy tool used to analyze internal firm activities. Its goal is to recognize, which activities are the most valuable (i.e. are the source of cost or differentiation advantage) to the firm and which ones could be improved to provide competitive advantage. In other words, by looking into internal activities, the analysis reveals where a firm’s competitive advantages or disadvantages are. The firm that competes through differentiation advantage will try to perform its activities better than competitors would do. If it competes through cost advantage, it will try to perform internal activities at lower costs than competitors would do. When a company is capable of producing goods at lower costs than the market price or to provide superior products, it earns profits. Jindie Software (JS), the company I once worked in refers to their supplier as their value chain rather than the supply chain. JS maintains close relationships and communication with suppliers to blend the best technology and service from suppliers into a leading edge mix for consumers. Probably the most unique characteristic of JS’s business model is that JS carries noShow MoreRelatedCompany Analysis : Value Chain1207 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: Value chain: A value chain may be defined as the chain of activities that firms operating in specific industries, such as the healthcare industry, perform in order for them to deliver valuable service or product for its consumers. 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Native Americans in the United States and African American Cowboys Free Essays

Tenzin Dolkar APUSH, DAY-2-2 TO WHOM AND TO WHAT EXTENT WAS THE AMERICAN WEST A LAND OF OPPORTUNITY 1865 – 1890 During the year of 1865 to 1890, the American’s west land was a land of economic development for Native American, white settlers from the east across the Mississippi farmers, miners, ranchers and as well as African American cowboys and immigrants for Irish and Chines, moving west for goal of economic achievement and their position for profit. First, the Native Americans people opened the way of exploitation of the west land naturel environment. The Dawes Act, which turned Indians into landowners and farmers and distributed 160 acres for farming, designed Indians as individual rather than a group of tribes. We will write a custom essay sample on Native Americans in the United States and African American Cowboys or any similar topic only for you Order Now The railroad made their trip easier, which Pacific Railroad Act was passed in 186, law allowed construction of new transportation systems. The Act also provided grants of land and limited jobs for immigrants’ worker on railroad, especially Chines immigrants worked for a lower wage and discovered millions of gold and silvers. The immigrants worked for a wealthy white settler in the west. Moreover, the railroad opened faster access for transportation for castles, miners and all the peoples, who were making money. Including the Homestead Act was passed; its offered 160 acres of land for any settlers live on the land for five or more years with little registration fees. It helped poor people to achieve economic business and farmers who needed more land, were permitted to purchase of up to 160 acres of land for $2. 50. The farmers took advantage of Westland by doing international market, which mostly depended on railroads for shipment. Even farmers had difficulties of weather conditions, the produced the agricultural business by the Bonanza farm. The farmers were hopes to getting rich soon. Together with the African American cowboys and cattle industry turned into a new marker as well. Because of Indians on to new reservation and the railroad opportunities bring them easier transportation anywhere in urban markets; without the railroads the new business were take a time to make money . In brief, west land was a place of a new beginning for people who were moving for seeking life and opportunities and hoping to get rich. The wealthy white settlers made the most profit in Westland. How to cite Native Americans in the United States and African American Cowboys, Papers

Marketing Management Knowledge and Skills †Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Management for Knowledge and Skills. Answer: Introduction: IKEA is a renowned global furnishing firm that with a reputation of providing home-based products and Scandinavian-style furniture. Across the globe, the firm has more than 230 stores, and its operations and services are available in more than 42 countries. Moreover, the company has estimated 70, 000 employees who consumes the services and products (Dahlvig 2011). According to Kristoffersson, the stores serve more than 410 million buyers annually. The organization principles are founded on the belief that offering range of furniture that is well designed at lower prices than that of competitors can attract more consumers due to the affordability across various demographics. Currently, the group is owned by a holding firm known as INGKA which is not listed in any stock market in the world (Kristoffersson 2014). On the company website, the vision of the group is to create a better everyday life for the many people. An analysis of the company primary business and practices in the society reveals that the management focuses on this vision because they manufacture and distribute of a wide range of home based furnishing products that are delivered at a friendly price to consumers (Muhr Aytekin 2016). Since the main ethics is to produce high-quality products at affordable prices, the management has worked toward the development of innovative and cost-effective methods of productions since its inception. Besides, the firm maximizes the use of raw materials to make products that meet the consumers needs and wants (Lewis 2005). Ingvar Kamprad, a native of Sweden founded the IKEA group in 1943 in Sweden. During the time of founding the company he was at the age of 17. Kamprad received money from his father for his efforts and excellence performance in school. The money collected was used as a capital to begin the company. The initials in the companys name (IKEA) represented the first letters in the name of the farm and village where he was born and grew up (Wilson Gilligan 2012). In the early days of its foundation, it specialized with the provision of essential items like pens, table runners, picture frames, nylons stockings, wallets, watches and jewelry at a much lower price (Lewis 2005). However, after five years in business, Kamprad began furniture business in 1948. Due to a positive response from buyers, the product line began to expand in size and geographically. Customers could visit the stores, view and touch the furniture provided in the catalogue. After that, IKEA opened the first showroom in the country with an objective of gaining a competitive advantage from the market because of the price war with local rivals. The primary purpose of having a viewing place was to help customers determine the value for money (Boonsener et al. 2011). In the long run, IKEA arrived at a decision that allowed them to produce their design furniture in a bid to contain competition because the rivals made the suppliers boycott the group products. In 1963, IKEA established the first store outside the country and following its decision to venture in Norway. In the years and decades that followed, the company began to spread across the globe in many countries. These countries include Denmark, Switzerland, Australia, Germany, Netherlands, Canada and Austria (Harapiak 2013). Further, the IKEA group embarked on the process of forming many alliances with different suppliers that helped introduce products, concepts, to enhance cost-effectiveness. For example, the partnership enabled the production of innovative and multifunctional recliner made through the use of denim, a raw material obtained at a low cost. In 1980, the formulated furniture concepts were implemented at regular intervals, and this enabled the IKEA group to expand to other markets in the world through franchising. Different ownership structure in the organization was created by the founder to confirm the long-term independence of the group. A significant portion of the group was donated to a particular foundation, but the right to Franchise the firms concept was reserved to the IKEA group of companies. In the following decades, the IKEA group developed the capability to expand the market further to other geographical locations and began to produce furniture for children. The decade also saw the management launch a website to reach diverse markets, and experts were engaged in consulting on the issues of children play areas, baby areas, room settings and others such as kitchen based on the new concept developed during the period. Further, the IKEA group began participating in numerous projects such as forestry projects for sustainability purposes and formulating acceptable policies and practices where it has operations (Harapiak 2013). SWOT is an acronym describing various aspects of the company in the business environment. The term is a representation of the Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The tool is very powerful to be used for strategic management because it highlights the strengths and weaknesses that the firm needs to deal with and the threats and opportunities to exploit. Both Strengths and weaknesses comprise of the internal factors to the organization while the possibilities and threats are external issues that the group require countering. Therefore it helps in improving the chances of success in the business and help when the company is embarking on a new strategy before they venture into a particular project (Sandberg Mena, 2015). IKEA group has different strength, weaknesses, threats and opportunities available in the business environment. The firm has multiple advantages namely worldwide presence, known and reputable brand, provision of affordable products, good product designs, a wide range of goods and services, strong financial position and excellent design of all its stores. The company operations are present globally and can be accessed in more than377 stores (Dale Kyle 2015). Further, the products are available on the website and buyers can access them through installing an app. Due to this, the company has managed to maintain a strong brand and reputable image and also offers affordable products which are of high quality and excellent design. For instance, they have attractive designs that make them accessible in the market, and they come in wide range. Besides, the brand is very creative as it caters for all the needs of the furniture market (Boonsener et al. 2011). A strong brand and stylish modern designs of the furniture have contributed to the growth sales, and this adds to its financial strength. Despite having many strengths, the company has various flaws such as weak position in Asian markets, and its demographic design does bring competitive advantage to the market. The IKEA group has not been able to perform excellently in the Asian markets where it seeks to enter another country. This is because of the low demands of its goods and services combined with increased competition from rivals well established in the market. The Asian markets have a broad range of small and huge enterprises which has the capability to provide good designs at much lower prices and therefore threat to the company furniture. The demographic design concept formulated from the 1980s through 1990s has failed to achieve competitive advantage (Ataman et al. 2010). There are various opportunities available for Ikea in the business environment in the emerging markets. The possibility of forming alliances and partnerships with other furniture brands and its ability to provide the market with premium goods and services for the market (Navarro et al. 2011). To this regard, the group can find substantial opportunities to carry business in the emerging markets such as Africa and Asia. These possibilities can be used to improve the brand presence in various continents and realize huge profits and revenue. On the other hand, the brand can decide to enter into strategic partnerships with other companies operating in the same industry to increase its domination in the market especially in Asian markets. For instance, it would be advisable to have joint ventures with other local brands because they have market knowledge and can lead to increase market presence. In the Asian continent, the cost of raw materials for the manufacture of products is comparatively low and labor in many countries in Asian markets is affordable and much available (Jayachandran et al. 2013). Therefore, when setting production facilities and stores in countries like Myanmar, the cost of output costs will significantly reduce. Another strategic step IKEA can take is to add premium products to its portfolio. There are various risks in the markets even after the end of global economic and surge of business. Many markets are now demanding premium products due to improved economic outlooks in the country. This stands as a significant threat to IKEA group affordable products. Besides, the level of completion in the market from other competitor brands has increased, and the company sometimes faces restrictions and challenges when operating in the Asian markets (Novicevic et al. 2012). STEEPLE Analysis of IKEA in Myanmar STEEPLE analysis of the environment is imperative as it provides an overview of external and internal factors that affects the business. It stands for social, technological, economic, environmental, political, legal and ethical. The section analyses these factors to have an understanding on the factors in the environment which can affect its operations. Social factors in the country have been affected by the income distribution as the huge budget is allocated to the military while education and health of the society are ignored. On the other hand, the income distribution is not equal, and the level of skills are so low which makes it hard to find trained sufficiently personnel in the country. There is also social conflicts based on ethnic and religious factors which can affect the growth of the business (Kattelus et al. 2015). Since the beginning of the decade, the country opened up to new technology, but the level of investment in the sector is very low and wanting. For instance, Myanmar is one of the countries with lowest internet penetration, and this makes the internet is unreliable for the organization and manufacturing companies. These issues will affect the business operations and profit generated since companies heavily relies on technology to offer products and services to the market. Therefore, the fact that the sector is underdeveloped alters how business market their products and the method used in the manufacture of good and provision of services. However, the situation is expected to change in the future following permission by the government to allow foreign company to invest in the ICT sector and revolutionize it (Pode et al. 2016). The nation is economically poor and one of the poorest in Asia regions due to a high level of unemployment and low income per capita. The nation is largely dependent on agriculture and vulnerable to weather changes such as drought and floods that are very rare in the country. The policies implemented decades ago fails to provide incentives for the businesses, and also power blackouts affects the growth of the companies and uncompetitive with others. These issues greatly hampers the production process and hurt business (Harapiak 2013). There are environmental factors likely to affect the businesses in the country and in particular the furniture industry due to heavy logging. The country is hit by massive deforestation and illegal logging by international companies, but the government is not concerned with the pressing issues. However, several issues have been considered such as planting of trees and conservation efforts by protectionists. The issue is likely to have an impact on the furniture industry in Myanmar (Raitzer et al. 2015). The political atmosphere of the country is not stable because it is characterized by election-related violence and military control of the government. The military regime in place has a lot of control and has negative attitudes and policies regarding international organization and therefore hard to establish operation for a foreign government. This is because the rules and policies implemented by the government may be unpredictable and unfavorable to companies (Chua Gilbert 2016). The legal and judicial environment is characterized by massive corruption which affects the business. For instance, the military regime in the country has been known to bribe the institution which led to the oppression of people and therefore the interest of the population was overlooked. On the other hand, the level of corruption in the country affects the businesses and more particularly the foreign enterprises seeking to establish operations in the country. Therefore before planning to build the company, there should understand the legal environment and its impacts (Lu Jin 2016). There are various social values and beliefs which affect the business behavior of the business people, and this needs to be considered when setting operations in Myanmar. The religious and cultural beliefs affect the actions of organizations in the market. On the other hand, the company must follow standard ethical rules in the manufacture and provisions of goods and services to the market (Wah 2015). Marketing Mix of Ikea on Myanmar The sections focus on IKEA market strategy on Myanmar namely the product, price, place and promotion strategies that can be applied in the market. The section below explains the marketing and the general marketing strategy that IKEA group can use in the Myanmar to penetrate the market successfully and capture huge numbers of buyers. The marketing 4 Ps can be used to understand the potential that can make it the most favorite furniture brand (Peter Donnelly 2011). When venturing into the new market, Ikea group should try to understand the market needs and wants and the prospects of consumers. For instance, the firm can study the potential of the target segment of Myanmar market and provide the variety of options the buyers and the clients of the company. The product strategy should rely on already established brands to propel the company popularity and reach more consumers. Besides, the group should continuously evolve with the business environment of the country by producing fresh designs to help in the differentiation of Ikea products (Dale Kyle 2015). Ikea is a well-known brand in the market, and the products are differentiated from that of rival companies, but the focus should be to provide consumers with assortment goods and service to avoid obstructions from other consumers and defeat the barriers of confined classes. When entering the new market of Myanmar, the company should embrace a methodology that is suited to the market and specifically the price policy. The firm should implement a system that makes the prices of the products conscious of the brand esteem which mean it should not be overpriced or too low (Posner 2015). In Myanmar, the price strategy used in other markets should be replicated where the firm will provide quality and excellent designs at comparatively lower prices to that of the competitors to gain consumers and retain them (Wu et al. 2010). The place strategy to be employed in Myanmar should ensure that the IKEA group only give rights for suppliers in the country to franchisee in the areas where such has not been done. When offering the rights to franchisees, the focus should be so many things such as experience, ability to understand the local market knowledge and establish a huge presence in the country. Other to consider is the corporate values and culture, and the financial strength which makes the franchisees capable of penetrating across the country in small and large-scale retail methodology (Schirone 2012). As expected from companies in the level of Ikea, the strategy should be utilize all form of promotions to capture the new market. Because the brand name is already familiar and the pricing structure is favorable, the best promotions likely to achieve success includes sales and trade promotions (Lu Jin 2016; Persson Hstlund Widenfors 2015). The strategy comprises concentrating on the use of coupons, festival promotions, price discounts and a range of other gimmicks to gain natural advantages from various deals to the customers. The company can use the print and digital Medias to capture the attention of the consumers, but the models used to communicate in the market should take into consideration the factors in that country (Kattelus et al. 2015). For instance, the promotions used in the country should be localized to help make the products look desirable. Ansoff Matrix of IKEA In order present the desired corporate growth plans the company can use Ansoff Matrix. The Ansoff matrix model is used by managers in the organizations to help them focus on the current and prospective goods available in the industry. Four possible market and product combination can be employed to ensure the firm's growth with existing goods and other different products in the current market and the new market for investment. In this case, the matrix will be used by IKEA on existing products and markets and the other hand concentrate on new products and market (Hussain et al. 2013). For example, the company seek to venture into Myanmar market and possible new services and products which can be offered to the market. In market penetration, the firm can decide to attain growth with the products being offered in the market but target different market niches to help gain and increase the market share in the market (Ponte et al. 2014). On the other hand, in the market development, the firm can encourage the kind of growth it desired by focusing on the current products for the niches in the Myanmar market. In product development, IKEA can focus on designing new products and offer to them in the Myanmar market with to different niches. Lastly, the organization can go for diversification strategy where it seeks to realize growth by investing in various industries and making goods for the consumers of the sector (Ataman et al. 2010). Myanmar furniture industry has various competitors who provide furniture products in the country. The competition is through pricing strategy for goods and services, designs and materials used and some consumers. One of the competitors in the country is Khine Industries Company Limited which provide service to its customers in Myanmar. The company was formed in 1996 and has more than 200 People and a total revenue of US$2.5 and US$5 Million. The company offers its products to the local market at a lower price and provide excellent designs for the buyers. The products produced by the firm will compete with that of IKEA because it offers Outdoor Furniture which includes the solid furniture such as those found in the living and dining room. The source of competition would be the ability of the company to produce teak outdoor and indoor well-designed furniture. The products manufactured to match the local and international market needs and want due to its capacity to offer traditional an d contemporary solid furniture made of wood (Appanah 2015). Yangon Wood Industries Limited is another competitor who will compete with IKEA in the Myanmar market. The firm is based in the city of Yangon and sells its products in the Asia and European markets. The main product includes teak products such as Teak Decking, Flooring and furniture to the primary consumers. Therefore this is one of the main competitors because it has products which are demanded by the local and European market. Besides, the price offered by the company is reasonable, and the designs are from the different range and this makes it a formidable competitors. Lastly, one of the main competitors includes the classic home located in Myanmar in the state of Yangon. Although it is not a big manufacturer of furniture products, the company poses a lot of competition because it has local knowledge and already established in the market. Its main products include the Rattan Furniture, Accessories and also offer Bamboo Accessories. The company products cater for local market compared to the westernized products offered by IKEA which mean the group has to change he concept to match that of the market (Appanah 2015). These three companies have a competitive advantage in the market, and they offer products and services which match that of the local society. Further, they have established the local market knowledge and have developed concepts which enable them to serve the market well. Therefore for IKEA, the firm will require to develop knowledge of making such products, search for trusted suppliers and capture the market that poses a huge threat to them. These may also affect the pricing of the goods and provision of premium products as it is in other markets in Europe and America. The analysis reveals that the consumers in the country value classic traditional designs which IKEA has no sufficient knowledge on how to make them (Helm Gritsch 2014). Conclusion In the coming decades wood for the production of furniture will be very hard to find due to evolving policies on logging. The future of the furniture industry is pegged on recycling of woods which has already served its purpose and IKEA group need to consider the strategy is moving to the future due to the issues of wood technology and the problem of deforestation across the world. Besides, the industry has not realized the level of innovation like other sectors, and therefore the designs have remained more the same. IKEA group should explore and bring innovative designs which cater for issues of health, fitness and luxury of the users and their intrinsic experience. Further, the company need to be ahead in the industry by ensuring automation of furniture parts to produce a different and thrilling experience for the consumers and users of its products. Important to consider is the logistics used in the delivery of product and services because it is the most costly and damaging in the supply chain. The methods employed should be free of late delivery, damages of parts, and also reduce service involvement with buyers. Therefore this means a constant improvement of the supply chain logistics to protect the value of the brand is needed. Bibliography Appanah, S. S. K. a. D. P. 2., 2015. Restoration of forests and degraded lands in Southeast Asia 1. Unasylva, 66(245), p. 52. Ataman, M., Van Heerde, H. Mela, C., 2010. The long-term effect of marketing strategy on brand sales. Journal of Marketing Research, 47(5), pp. 866-882. Boonsener, P., Thazali, M. Shahizah, S., 2011. Furniture Consumption in Thailand: A Kano model study of IKEA with implications for the strategy making process. s.l.:s.n. Chua, L. Gilbert, D., 2016. 10 State violence, human-rights violations and the case of apwint in Myanmar. Gender, Violence and the State in Asia. s.l.:s.n. Dahlvig, A., 2011. The IKEA edge: Building global growth and social good at the world's most iconic home store. New York : McGraw Hill Professional. Dale, J. Kyle, D., 2015. Smart Transitions?: Foreign Investment, Disruptive Technology, and Democratic Reform in Myanmar. Social Research: An International Quarterly, 82(2), pp. 291-326. Harapiak, C., 2013. IKEA's International Expansion. s.l.:s.n. Helm, R. Gritsch, S., 2014. Examining the influence of uncertainty on marketing mix strategy elements in emerging business to business export-markets. International Business Review, 23(42), pp. 418-428. Hussain, S., Khattak, J., Rizwan, A. Latif, M., 2013. ANSOFF matrix, environment, and growth-an interactive triangle. 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